Are you worried about pain in your fingers, but you don't know what's wrong? It may be the result of trauma, rheumatoid arthritis, polyosteoarthrosis or rhizarthrosis. There are other causes of arthralgia that can only be identified with the help of instrumental diagnostics.
Contact the clinic, and experts will determine the clinical picture, carry out complex therapy. With the help of drugs, physiotherapy, rehabilitation methods, the inflammation will be removed, the destructive processes will be stopped, and the limbs will be restored to working capacity.
Why finger joints hurt: causes and treatment
Arthralgia often appears as a sign or symptom of a primary disease. Acute sensations arise as a result of inflammatory arthropathies, degenerative-dystrophic pathologies, predominantly of traumatic origin. The pain syndrome causes irritation of the nerve endings, caused by:
- toxins;
- sodium or potassium urate;
- bone growths;
- allergens;
- autoimmune processes.
The cause of pain in the finger joints can be a neurological disease or a problem that is not directly related to the limbs. Radiating pain to the left extremity is a common occurrence in heart attacks. This also happens with problems in the upper cervical region. In case of intervertebral hernia, it gives to the shoulder and forearm, hands.
However, there are a number of direct reasons why the phalanges become numb, the small joints of the limbs suffer. Fingers hurt after infections, hypothermia, inflammation of soft tissues and bone structures.
Rheumatoid arthritis
The disease affects people over 30 in 7% of cases. It all starts with the swelling of the metacarpophalangeal bones of the leading fingers. Then the catarrhal process spreads to the wrist joint, covering all structures. It affects one hand and then spreads to the other. Symmetric lesions of the proximal joints with a change in shape are typical for this pathology. For the company, the bones of the pelvis, ankle joint and ankle joint suffer. Arthritis is characterized by undulating pain. During the day and in the first half of the night they are tolerable, in the second half they intensify and prevent sleep.
Psoriatic arthritis
This accounts for 5% of cases. The disease affects men and women equally after the age of 20. It mainly develops in people with skin manifestations - psoriatic plaques and characteristic spots on the body. The pathology is characterized by "vertical" inflammation with simultaneous thickening of all joints. At the same time, the phalanx of the finger on the hand hurts, the skin becomes red, it becomes like a sausage. Unlike rheumatoid arthritis, the process affects both hands, but affects different bones.
Gout
Less than 5% of patients turn to doctors with this problem. This applies to men aged 25-55 years and older. The inflammation begins with the big toes, gradually rises through the joints, affects the phalanges of the hands. The pain develops suddenly. It permeates the entire limb, does not disappear for a long time. The affected area becomes purple and hot to the touch. In women, the process is milder, lasting 3-10 days. However, after a while everything repeats itself. Wavy flow is a sign of the development of gout inflammation.
Arthritis
Joint anomalies of different nature are understood under the collective definition. They appear as a result of past infections, with systemic diseases. Signs of acute inflammation - swelling, redness, temperature, pain in the joints of the fingers. Metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints are more often affected. In chronic arthritis, episodic sharp sensations are distressing. Over time, muscles lose strength and function. Arthritis of the fingers leads to loss of physiological abilities and disability.
Polyosteoarthrosis
The finger joint is very painful with degenerative changes in the bones. It all starts with the thinning of cartilage tissue, damage to the interphalangeal spherical joints. The reasons are hidden in compaction and sclerosis of the synovial membrane, endocrine anomalies. Doctors consider primary polyosteoarthritis to be an independent disease caused by physical overload, hypothermia. Secondary - as a complication after infections and mechanical injuries. In both cases, sharp pains increase, flexion contracture occurs.
Rhizarthrosis or osteoarthritis
This is another cause of pain in the fingers, causing arthralgia and causing problems at the junction of the thumb and the wrist. The process affects the entire joint. This results in:
- reduce depreciation;
- friction and destruction of bone tissue layer by layer;
- thickening in the interphalangeal zone;
- appearance of nodules and stiffness.
- crackling.
An orthopedic surgeon comments:
Symptoms vary depending on the stage. In people who put a long and monotonous load on the thumb, in 30% of cases, rhizarthrosis develops as an independent disease. Since the symptoms are 90% consistent with de Quervain's tenosynovitis, the problem is differentiated using an X-ray. The image clearly shows bone deformities, not soft tissues, as in tendinitis.
cause finger disease
In the medical manual, trigger syndrome is known as stenosing ligamentitis. Symptoms: sharp pain in the finger: swelling, lump formation, numbness. A special feature is the inflammation of the tendons and the formation of knots that prevent the phalanges from bending. In the absence of therapy in phase 3, the finger takes a fixed position, in phase 4 secondary deformation occurs, the process becomes irreversible. Among the numerous provocative causes, anatomical anomalies of the ligamentous tendon apparatus are mentioned more often.
Tenosynovitis de Quervain
Due to de Quervain's disease, the bones in the fingers hurt in 4% due to muscle inflammation. Sharp sensations arise suddenly at the junction of the wrist joint and are aggravated by flexion. The pathology leads to damage to the synovial membranes of the extensors of the fingers. The problem is reduced by monotonous movements, due to constant pressure on the hand and palm, causing cicatricial changes on the ligament. That:
- playing keyboard instruments;
- printing;
- work on the conveyor.
Raynaud's syndrome
Fingers hurt due to sharp vasoconstriction due to systemic diseases - vasculitis, scleroderma, lupus erythematosus, blood diseases, compression of blood vessels and nerve fibers. Vasospastic pathology is accompanied by paroxysmal circulation disorders under the influence of low temperatures. The clinical syndrome does not appear for years. Over time, attacks occur that cause paleness or redness of the skin, cyanosis. As a result, symptoms lead to trophic changes in soft tissues.
carpal tunnel syndrome
Finger joints also hurt due to injuries and the development of carpal tunnel syndrome. Unsuccessful fall, impact causes damage to tissue integrity, blood vessels, lead to formation of hematoma or hand fracture. The development of the syndrome is facilitated by compression of the median nerve under the ligament that holds the tendons. Clinical manifestations: numbness of the palm, reduced motility, reduced muscle volume on the large tubercle. Diseases associated with inflammation of tendon fibers are more common in women.
Painful bones in the fingers:
- Due to various forms of bursitis.
- Anomalies in childhood - Still's disease, Kawasaki syndrome.
- Systemic diseases - diffuse fasciitis, Lyme, Sjögren's, Crohn's disease, Bechterev's disease.
- Tumors - myelonic disease, lymphoblastic leukemia.
Diagnostics
It is impossible to determine why the fingers hurt without a differential examination. First, a visual inspection is performed. A rheumatologist or arthrologist pays attention to the symmetry of the lesion, symptoms and other clinical signs. The patient is consulted by a traumatologist and an allergist, and then sent for laboratory tests.
Blood biochemistry determines rheumatoid factors, uric acid and sialic acid levels, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the blood. In infectious and immunological pathologies, reactive protein is detected, which indicates tissue destruction.
Why do the fingers hurt, the cause and treatment help to determine X-ray, ultrasound. The doctor examines the problematic structures, conducts a symmetrical diagnosis of the healthy hand. you need:
- assess the degree of structural damage;
- condition of cartilage and ligaments;
- detection of primary signs of anomalies, cysts and nodes.
MRI is prescribed when degenerative and neoplastic diseases are suspected. Tomography helps to obtain 3D images of soft tissues in different projections, to identify recent and chronic injuries. Informative methods show the displacement, the width of the joint space in arthritis, the thinning of cartilage in arthrosis, the movement of bones, growths. Densitometry is sometimes prescribed to determine bone density.
Why do the phalanges of the fingers hurt, he will suggest other research methods - electrospondylography and electroneuromyography. The first technology detects the part of the spine responsible for limb movements. The second determines the condition of muscles and peripheral nerves. With throbbing pain in the finger, the specialist may recommend a puncture. The method of percutaneous aspiration allows you to take the secret, while giving an antibiotic or analgesic to relieve acute symptoms.
Diagnostics
- Ultrasound diagnostics.The non-invasive study is indicated for inflammation and damage to soft tissues, muscles, ligaments, tendons, joint capsules using ultrasound waves.
- Radiography.Assign for injuries: dislocations and fractures of bones, joint diseases: arthrosis and arthritis of the joints.
- Analysis.General tests of blood and urine, blood biochemistry show signs of inflammation, presence of infection, disorders in bone and cartilage tissue.
- M. R. I.A highly accurate method for diagnosing joints with an information content of up to 99%.
Finger pain: causes and treatment
Regardless of etiology, NSAIDs are prescribed to relieve acute sensations, fever, inflammation. Effective: nimesil, phenylbutazone, indomethacin, teraflex, sodium diflofenac. If the finger joints are very painful, ketorolac and tenoxicam are suitable for treatment. Drip or intramuscular infusion relieves symptoms for 3 days.
Corticosteroid drugs - dexamethasone, prednisolone also alleviate the catarrhal process. At the same time, swelling is reduced, metabolic processes in the cartilage are improved, which contributes to the rapid restoration of mobility. Chondroprotectors thicken the structure of bone tissue, prevent deterioration of degenerative processes.
Physiotherapy - ultrasound and electro-impulse therapy, acupuncture improve blood circulation. Therapeutic gymnastics helps in developing muscles, restoring joint mobility. Patients are advised to review their diet, make a diet with a predominance of protein and plant foods and undergo a spa treatment.
Treatment methods
- Reception of a traumatologist-orthopedic
- Hand shock wave therapy
- Plasmolifting of joints
- PRP therapy for the joint
- Wrist joint lock
- Injections in the brush
- Phonophoresis
- electrophoresis
- Hand ultrasound
- Physiotherapy
- Drug therapy
- Orthotics
- Magnetotherapy